螢光蕈的資料:

早在西元前三八二年時,亞理斯多德便發現有些植物會發出綠色的螢光,一直到了十九世紀,才獲得證實,原來是附生在樹上的真菌。在世界上,已經有記錄的發光真菌,共有九屬四十二種,隻是台灣一直未針對發光植物進行研究。現今知道,至少有皮傘、叢傘絲牛肝菌、黃緣螢光小菇、螢光菌四種發光菇蕈,但植物學者研判,台灣地區會發光的真菌,可能不止四種,隻是未進行有系統的分類調查與記錄,筆者就曾見過一種絕對寄生的發光真菌,未記載在任何文獻中,卻以菌絲的型態寄生於芒草中,隻要割開芒草,便看到菌絲發出綠色螢光。可惜的是,筆者一直無法自芒草中分離出該真菌,更別提鑑定了。

 

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

 

螢光小菇(Mycena chlorophos),其屬名在希臘文中,意思是(綠色的燈),美錫尼(Mycena)是西元前十五世紀時相當繁華的古希臘城市,據說是在特洛依戰爭時,阿格麥穆隆王的宮殿裡也擺著這樣淡綠色的燈,發現這種真菌並將之命名的希臘學者,遙想著古代希臘宮殿裡的種種風情,將這美麗的真菌取了如此羅曼蒂克的名字。早期在北美洲的居民,稱呼這些發光的真菌為「jack-o-lantern」或是「foxfire」,意即「鬼火」或是「狐火」的意思;在日本則稱之為「夜光茸」,在八丈島的鳳凰木或是小笠原諸島的竹林中出現,在多雨的季節,小笠原當地甚至推出「green-pepe夜晚之旅」(green-pepe為當地稱呼夜光茸用語),專門為觀光客推出的旅遊行程,還頗受好評。

  

關於螢光蕈類的發光機制至今尚未被闡明,但是似乎與螢火蟲的發光機制有所差別。螢火蟲的發光機制是體內的螢光素(luciferin)、螢光酵素(luciferase)、ATP及氧的化學反應而發光,筆者曾就螢光小菇進行研究,其發光的時間似乎有日週期性,一般螢光小菇自「出菇」註一後約莫可存活3天,其間若白天將螢光小菇移進室內暗處,並不會發光,直至傍晚時分才發出淡淡的綠光,但若混亂其光週期性,即使白天在暗室內依舊會發光。螢光小菇發光時,隻有蕈傘會發光,蕈柄及菌絲體並不會發光,參照國外文獻幾乎可以確定在菌絲產生核融合註二產孢時會發光。為何螢光蕈類要在夜晚發光至今尚無定論,一般推測為吸引特定昆蟲幫其散播孢子。

由於夜晚時螢光蕈的樣子很像水母,故又有人稱為綠色陸地水母。


screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

白天

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

晚上

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

螢光蕈的資料:

早在西元前三八二年時,亞理斯多德便發現有些植物會發出綠色的螢光,一直到了十九世紀,才獲得證實,原來是附生在樹上的真菌。在世界上,已經有記錄的發光真菌,共有九屬四十二種,隻是台灣一直未針對發光植物進行研究。現今知道,至少有皮傘、叢傘絲牛肝菌、黃緣螢光小菇、螢光菌四種發光菇蕈,但植物學者研判,台灣地區會發光的真菌,可能不止四種,隻是未進行有系統的分類調查與記錄,筆者就曾見過一種絕對寄生的發光真菌,未記載在任何文獻中,卻以菌絲的型態寄生於芒草中,隻要割開芒草,便看到菌絲發出綠色螢光。可惜的是,筆者一直無法自芒草中分離出該真菌,更別提鑑定了。

 

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">


 

螢光小菇(Mycena chlorophos),其屬名在希臘文中,意思是(綠色的燈),美錫尼(Mycena)是西元前十五世紀時相當繁華的古希臘城市,據說是在特洛依戰爭時,阿格麥穆隆王的宮殿裡也擺著這樣淡綠色的燈,發現這種真菌並將之命名的希臘學者,遙想著古代希臘宮殿裡的種種風情,將這美麗的真菌取了如此羅曼蒂克的名字。早期在北美洲的居民,稱呼這些發光的真菌為「jack-o-lantern」或是「foxfire」,意即「鬼火」或是「狐火」的意思;在日本則稱之為「夜光茸」,在八丈島的鳳凰木或是小笠原諸島的竹林中出現,在多雨的季節,小笠原當地甚至推出「green-pepe夜晚之旅」(green-pepe為當地稱呼夜光茸用語),專門為觀光客推出的旅遊行程,還頗受好評。

  

關於螢光蕈類的發光機制至今尚未被闡明,但是似乎與螢火蟲的發光機制有所差別。螢火蟲的發光機制是體內的螢光素(luciferin)、螢光酵素(luciferase)、ATP及氧的化學反應而發光,筆者曾就螢光小菇進行研究,其發光的時間似乎有日週期性,一般螢光小菇自「出菇」註一後約莫可存活3天,其間若白天將螢光小菇移進室內暗處,並不會發光,直至傍晚時分才發出淡淡的綠光,但若混亂其光週期性,即使白天在暗室內依舊會發光。螢光小菇發光時,隻有蕈傘會發光,蕈柄及菌絲體並不會發光,參照國外文獻幾乎可以確定在菌絲產生核融合註二產孢時會發光。為何螢光蕈類要在夜晚發光至今尚無定論,一般推測為吸引特定昆蟲幫其散播孢子。

由於夜晚時螢光蕈的樣子很像水母,故又有人稱為綠色陸地水母。

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

白天

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">

晚上

screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">


screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.7) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.7; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open(this.src);}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">
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